Managing Strategic Surprise: Lessons from Risk Management
The scope and applicability of risk management have expanded greatly over the past decade. Banks,corporations,and public agencies employ its new technologies both in their daily operations and long-term investments. It would be unimaginable today for a global bank to operate without such systems in place. Similarly,many areas of public management,from NASA to the Centers for Disease Control,have recast their programs using risk management strategies. It is particularly striking,therefore,that such th