chicle the chewing gum of the americas from the ancient

Chicle: The Chewing Gum of the Americas, from the Ancient

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Mathews, Jennifer P. / Schultz, Gillian P., PUBLISHER: University of Arizona Press, Although Juicy FruitA(R) gum was introduced to North Americans in , Native Americans in Mesoamerica were chewing gum thousands of years earlier. And although in the last decade abiographiesa have been devoted to salt, spices, chocolate, coffee, and other staples of modern life, until now there has never been a full history of chewing gum. Chicle is a history in four acts, all of them focused on the sticky white substance that seeps from the sapodilla tree when its bark is cut. First, Jennifer Mathews recounts the story of chicle and its earliest-known adherents, the Maya and Aztecs. Second, with the assistance of botanist Gillian Schultz, Mathews examines the sapodilla tree itself, an extraordinarily hardy plant that is native only to Mesoamerica and the Caribbean. Third, Mathews presents the fascinating story of the chicle and chewing gum industry over the last hundred plus years, a tale (like so many twentieth-century tales) of greed, growth, and collapse. In closing, Mathews considers the plight of the chicleros, the aextractorsa who often work by themselves tapping trees deep in the forests, and how they have emerged as icons of local pop cultureaportrayed as fearless, hard-drinking brawlers, people to be respected as well as feared. Before DentyneA(R) and ChicletsA(R), before bubble gum comic strips and the DoublemintA(R) twins, there was gum, oozing from jungle trees like melting candle wax under the slash of a machete. Chicle tells us everything that happened next. It is a spellbinding story.

History of the World kids book The Americas and the Pacific

History of the World kids book The Americas and the Pacific, new, very good condition, free postage

Mapping the Americas: The Transnational Politics of

In Mapping the Americas,Shari M. Huhndorf tracks changing conceptions of Native culture as it increasingly transcends national boundaries and takes up vital concerns such as patriarchy,labor and environmental exploitation,the emergence of pan-Native urban communities,global imperialism,and the commodification of indigenous cultures.While nationalism remains a dominant anticolonial strategy in indigenous contexts,Huhndorf examines the ways in which transnational indigenous politics h

Ancient Cities: The Archaeology of Urban Life in the Ancient

Ancient Cities surveys the cities of the Ancient Near East,Egypt,and the Greek and Roman worlds from the perspectives of archaeology and architectural history,bringing to life the physical world of ancient city dwellers by concentrating on evidence recovered from archaeological excavations. Urban form is the focus: the physical appearance and overall plans of the cities,their architecture and natural topography,and the cultural and historical contexts in which they flourished. Attention is

Giveaways An ABC Book of Loanwords from the Americas

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Linda Boyden, PUBLISHER: University of New Mexico Press, NA Buy Now

From the Ends of the Earth: The Jews in the 20th Century

£ From the Ends of the Earth: The Jews in the 20th Century by Gilbert, Sir Martin Hardback Second hand book. In good condition. As new. Refer photos. Postage included to UK only. Payment within 48 hours before item is released. No returns. No combined shipping. Kindly message us if you're not pleased with your purchase before you leave any feedback. Much appreciated. Thank you! Read More

From the Ends of the Earth: The Jews in the 20th Century by Gilbert, Sir Martin Hardback

£ From the Ends of the Earth: The Jews in the 20th Century by Gilbert, Sir Martin Hardback Second hand book. In good condition. As new. Refer photos. Postage included to UK only. Payment within 48 hours before item is released. No returns. No combined shipping. Kindly message us if you're not pleased with your purchase before you leave any feedback. Much appreciated. Thank you! Ad ID: Delivery Service Consumer Credit

Box set JRR Tolkien The Fellowship of the Ring, The Two Towers & The Return of the King

Books unread, but box set cover a bit worn from being in storage

Shifting the Balance: Obama and the Americas by Abraham F.

Now, at the midway point of that presidential administration, the editors of that insightful volume follow up with

The Middle Ages Activity Book: From the Fall of Rome to the

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Bauer, Susan Wise / Bryan, Suzanne / Buffington, Sara, PUBLISHER: Peace Hill Press, This comprehensive activity book and curriculum guide contains all you need to make history come alive for your child Don't just read about history--experience it Color a picture of a Viking warrior, make an edible oasis, create a Moorish ruler's turban and Aztec jewelry and more. Designed to turn the accompanying book "The Story of the World: Volume 2: The Middle Ages, Revised Edition" into a complete history program, this Activity Book provides you with comprehension questions and answers, sample narrations, maps and geography activities, coloring pages, lists of additional readings in history and literature, and plenty of simple, hands-on activities&151;all designed for grades 1-4.

The Sign of the Dove: MaryRose's Messages from the Other

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Occhino, Maryrose, PUBLISHER: Berkley Publishing Group, In this illuminating book, psychic MaryRose Occhino offers insights into deciphering psychic signs. As she explains, everyone is given messages; all one needs to do is recognize them, understand synchronicity and coincidence-and surrender to it. She also stresses the importance of dreams, revealing what one can learn from them, and the best ways to make them come true-whether it's choosing the right life partner or the right job, or finding one's true purpose in life. Just read the signs. In this illuminating, inspiring, and powerful book, MaryRose Occhino explains how.

Exodus from the Alamo: The Anatomy of the Last Stand Myth

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Tucker, Phillip Thomas, PUBLISHER: Casemate Publishers and Book Distributors, A startling new analysis of one of America's most glorious battles... Contrary to movie and legend, we now know that the defenders of the Alamo in the war for Texan independence-including Davy Crockett, Jim Bowie and William B. Travis-did not die under brilliant sunlight, defending their positions against hordes of Mexican infantry. Instead the Mexicans launched a predawn attack, surmounting the walls in darkness, forcing a wild melee inside the fort before many of its defenders had even awoken. In this book, Dr. Tucker, after deep research into recently discovered Mexican accounts and the forensic evidence, informs us that the traditional myth of the Alamo is even more off-base: most of the Alamo's defenders died in breakouts from the fort, cut down by Santa Anna's cavalry that had been pre-positioned to intercept the escapees. To be clear, a number of the Alamo's defenders hung on inside the fort, fighting back every way they could. Captain Dickinson, with cannon atop the chapel (in which his wife hid), fired repeatedly into the Mexican throng of enemy cavalry until he was finally cut down. The controversy on Crockett still remains, though the recently authenticated diary of the Mexican de la Pena offers evidence that he surrendered. The most startling aspect of this book is that most of the Texans, in two gallantly led groups, broke out of the fort after the enemy had broken in, and the primary fights took place on the plain outside. Still fighting desperately, the Texans' retreat was halted by cavalry, and afterward Mexican lancers plied their trade with bloodcurdling charges into the midst of the remaining resisters. Notoriously, Santa Anna burned the bodies of the Texans who had dared stand against him. As this book proves in thorough detail, the funeral pyres were well outside the fort-that is, where the two separate groups of escapers fell on the plain, rather than in the Alamo itself.

The pioneers of the new world - the field from above +

Extraordinary drawing watercolor by Jean-François CharlesMuch more than a simple dedication Read More

The Year of the Snake: Tales from the Chinese Zodiac

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Chin, Oliver Clyde / Chin, Oliver / Wood, Jennifer, PUBLISHER: Immedium, is the Year of the Snake The eighth book in the Tales of the Chinese Zodiac series. Suzie the snake befriends the girl Lily and the other eleven animals. Can Suzie show them how valuable a snake's qualities can be? Empowering themes of self-discovery and cultural exchange, plus colorfully animated illustrations, have proven popular with early elementary readers and teachers.

HISTORY - The Definitive Visual Guide- - From the Dawn of Civilization to the Present Day

Great condition large hard back book containing 612 pages with excellent photos and many, many interesting facts divided in to 7 sections with many different sub sections Please ask any question, it comes from a smoke free home. Ad ID: Delivery Service Consumer Credit

The rime of the ancient mariner Book for sale

The rime of the ancient mariner book for sale Paperback copy Price - £1.99 Free Postage Call: Ad ID:

Sciences of the Ancient Hindus: Unlocking Nature in the

Modern science and medicine would be unrecognizable,and far more primitive,without the immense contribution of the ancient Hindus. They invented everyday essentials such as our base-ten number system and zero as a numeral. The ancient Hindus also developed a sophisticated system of medicine with its mind-body approach known as Ayurveda; detailed anatomical and surgical knowledge of the human body,including cataract surgery and the so-called plastic surgery; metallurgical methods of extraction and purif

The Rule of the Clan: What an Ancient Form of Social

Winner of the Grawemeyer Award For Ideas Improving World Order A lively,wide-ranging meditation on human development that offers surprising lessons for the future of modern individualism,The Rule of the Clan examines the constitutional principles and cultural institutions of kin-based societies,from medieval Iceland to modern Pakistan. Mark S. Weiner,an expert in constitutional law and legal history,shows us that true individual freedom depends on the existence of a robust

The 60s from the archives of the Daily Mail

Decades of our Lives 60s. P&p £3.00 Read more

The Ancient Egyptian Book Of The Dead

A great Paperback Book. Ancient Egyptian Book Of The Dead Fantastic interesting book, containing Spells. Good condition Ad ID: Delivery Service Consumer Credit

Treasures of the Pharaohs: The Glories of Ancient Egypt

I got this lovely book from The British Museum for £25 It is in very good condition. Collect from SE9 Eltham, Greenwich. I can post it for £2.95 in the UK.

The Dance of the Dragon: An Odyssey into Earth Energies and Ancient Religion - Collectible & Signed

The Dance of the Dragon: An Odyssey into Earth Energies and Ancient Religion Collectible and signed by all four authors: Paul Broadhurst, Hamish Miller, Vivienne Shanley & Ba Russel. Product Category: Books ISBN: Title: The Dance of the Dragon: An Odyssey into Earth Energies and Ancient Religion EAN: Authors: Broadhurst, Paul Binding: Paperback Publisher: MYTHOS Publication Date: Pages: 378 Signed: True List Price (MSRP): £ Height: inches Width: inches Length: inches Weight: pounds Condition: Good Collectible Item: True Ad ID: Delivery Services Consumer Credit

The Origins of Theater in Ancient Greece and Beyond: From

This volume is the most thorough examination on the origins of Greek drama to date. It brings together seventeen essays by leading scholars in a variety of fields,including classical archaeology,iconography,cultural history,theatre history,philosophy,and religion. Though it primarily focuses up on ancient Greece,the volume includes comparative studies of ritual drama from ancient Egypt,Japan,and medieval Europe. Collectively,the essays show how the relationship of drama to ritual is one of the mos

Anish Kapoor's "In the shadow of the tree and the knot of the earth"

This book has been on a bookshelf and the cover shows that, but the images and interleaved materials all in perfect condition. An important work by Kapoor - it would be a perfect Christmas present or a reference work for a practising artist. Ad ID:

The Lord of the rings the fellowship of the ring Hobbits & Aragorn Mugs unused + Book

The Lord of the rings Hobbits & Aragorn Mugs - unused The boxes have some wear, squashes and discoloring due to being stored away all these years. Also you get the fellowship of the ring book Ad ID: Delivery Services Consumer Credit

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